PASCAL'S LAW

PASCAL'S lAW

     Pascals law said that "the pressure or intensity of pressure at any point in a fluid at rest, is the same in all directions".That is when a certain pressure is applied at any point in a fluid at rest, the pressure is equally transmitted in all the direction and to every other point in the fluid.

The Pascal's law is used in the construction of hydraulic machine , such as, hydraulic press, hydraulic jack, hydraulic lift, hydraulic crane , etc. In which by application of  relatively small forces a large forces are developed. 

Gas power cycles

Gas power cycle  ;

   Gas is one of the fundamental states of matter

  Real gas : It is a gas which posses

   1.compressibility Effect

   2.Non-equlillibrium thermodynamic effect

   3.variable specific heat capacity

Ideal gas :

A perfect gas or ideal gas is a theoritical gas that differs from real gas,ideal gas is one which obeys all the law under all conditions of pressure and temperature

Boyle's law :

  At constant temperature (T) pressure is inversly proportional to volume 

             P=C 1/V

             PV=C

           P1 V1=P2V2=P3V3

Charle's law :

    At constant pressure (P) volume is directly proportional to temperature

            V directly proportional to T

            V  =  C T      at P=C

 Gayissac law :

       At constant volume (V) pressure (P) is directly proportional to temperature

      P directly proportional to T

      P = C T    at V=C

      P/T =C

    

      P1/T1 = P2/T2 =P3/T3

 Characteristics Gas Constant : PV=MRT

Management

Explain Management ?

    Management may be defined as the art of getting work done efficiently and effectively through and by the people,with satisfaction for employer, employees and the public. 

Characteristics of management

  1.It should Co-ordinate all the people in an organization for achieving their goals. 

  2.It should utilize all the available resources and secure the maximum result. 

  3.It should distribute the work among the workers based on their skills and effort. 

  4.It should accept and encourage any new ideas from the personnel of the industry that may result in better production. 

  5.It should motivate people and provide training for the workers to improve their skills

  6.It should have better inspection over the workers for their output. 

  7.It should look after whether the target production has been achieved as per market demand. 

  Level of management :

1.Top management

2.Middle management

3.Lower management. 

Functions of management :

1.Forecasting  2.planning   3.organising

4.staffing         5.Directing   6.co-ordinating

7.controlling

  

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Define Centrifugal pump ? 

        The centrifugal pump is a device to lift the liquid from lower to higher level by developing the necessary pressure with the help of centrifugal action. In general it can be defined as a machine to increase the pressure energy of the fluid. In the centrifugal pump, the mechanical energy of rotating impeller is converted in to the pressure energy of the fluid.

The main parts of centrifugal pump :

  1.Impeller

  2.Casting

  3.Suction pipe

  4.Foot valve and strainer

  5.Delivery pipe